November 6, 1994 is a significant date in the history of Tajikistan: the day of adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan. With the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, the people of the Republic began the path to the creation of a legal, democratic and secular state based on the expression of the will of the people. The Constitution, as a fundamental document of statehood, laid the foundation for sustainable peace, socio-economic development and improvement of the standard of living of citizens. The past 30 years have shown that this document is not only a factor of internal stability, but also a means of representing Tajikistan in the international arena.

Emomali Rahmon – Leader of the Nation at the Emergence of Legal State

The Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan was developed and approved under the initiative and leadership of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, the respected Emomali Rahmon, the Founder of Peace and National Unity – the Leader of the Nation. In a very difficult political situation, he assumed great responsibility for leading the country, using all opportunities to achieve peace and national unity. The adoption of the Constitution during the period of independence was a decisive step towards creating a legal state and ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens.

The Role of the Constitution in Ensuring Peace and National Stability

The Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan acts as a link for all social groups of the country, emphasizing that all citizens, regardless of national, religious and social affiliation, are equal before the law. The adoption of the Constitution allowed Tajikistan to pass the path to peace and stability, ensuring a sustainable system of governance based on universal and national values.

Constitutional reform and improvement of legislation

For the 30 years, taking into account the development of society and the progress of Tajik statehood, amendments and additions have been made to the Constitution through nationwide referendums three times - in 1999, 2003 and 2016. These reforms laid the foundation for introducing new requirements of the time into the country's legislative system, promoting the legal and social security of citizens. As a result, the norms of legislation comply with international legal standards, which contributed to the strengthening of political and economic international relations of Tajikistan.

The Constitution is the principal document of social and economic development

Based on the Constitution, the state during the period of independence has directed its efforts to improving of state structures, effectively managing the economy and improving the standard of living of the population. The sustainable economic and social policy of the state created favorable conditions for the development of industry, agriculture and infrastructure of the country. The Constitution ensured that the state policy could oriented towards the interests of the people, supporting justice and social equality.

The protection of human rights and freedoms is the main goal and value of the Constitution

The adoption of the new Constitution has opened up the opportunity for the people of Tajikistan to ensure the protection of their rights and freedoms, regardless of race, nationality, gender and other characteristics. Constitutional norms emphasize that Tajikistan is advancing in the world arena in human rights protection issues and attaches great importance to supporting the fundamental freedoms of every citizen of the country.

The Constitution and 30 years of achievements in strengthening security and international prestige

With the adoption of the Constitution, Tajikistan was able to strengthen its position in international relations and establish broad cooperation with world countries in matters of security and strategic interests. In particular, in matters of ensuring chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear safety and security, which are also important for the world community, Tajikistan is actively acting, protecting its national security at a high international level.

Conclusion and historical significance of the Constitution

The past 30 years have shown that the Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan is a great and historical document that plays an important role not only in strengthening the foundations of statehood, but also in raising the legal awareness and legal understanding of society. In the context of modern development, the Constitution, as a fundamental document, continues to strengthen independence and national unity, providing every citizen of the country with legal guarantees and confidence in a bright future.

Ilhom Mirsaidzoda – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Director of the Agency for Chemical, Biological, Radiational and Nuclear Safety and Security at the Tajikistan National Academy of Sciences
On behalf of the Director of the Agency for Chemical, Biological, Radiational and Nuclear Safety and Security at the Tajikistan National Academy of Sciences